Overview: The analysis of ejaculate, known as the spermiogram, is the crucial investigative technique in the andrological check-up for childlessness. Althoug other impor tant factors such as medical history, physical examination, hormone analysis and tests, biochemical, microbiological, immunological, and genetic tests, and histological and histochemical investigations must all be considered before a final assessment can be made of male fertility, the spermiogram is the guiding factor in estimating the prospects of fertility. Furthermore, the improvement in insemination techniques in recent y
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