Overview: Application of recent advances, such as non-equilibriumthermodynamics, the maintenance concept and the material balancingmethod, to the description, of microbial growth has suggested newexperimental approaches which have yielded a wealth of data. Thesedata have been used to develop mathematical models of microbial growthand metabolism, and the models have made it possible to direct themetabolism of a microorganism in such a way that more of a certaindesired product is made. .While a full quantitative description of all aspects of microbialgrowth and metabolism is till remote, the new
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