Titlebook: Smad Signal Transduction; Smads in Proliferati Peter ten Dijke,Carl-Henrik Heldin Book 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006 evolu

Radiculopathy

abysmal

Vertebra

Proteins and Cell Regulationhttp://image.papertrans.cn/s/image/868445.jpg

forestry

啜泣

Molecular Evolution of Smad Proteins,ed a phylogenetic analysis. To simplify the analysis but retain its explanatory power, we focused on Smad proteins from organisms in three distinct phyla: human, fly, and nematode. Overall, we found that human and fly proteins always cluster together in four subfamilies while three subfamilies conta

粗糙滥制

, TGF-β Signaling Pathways,y depending on the organism and cell type. . has two TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways that incorporate ligands, receptors, and Smads. There is an interesting ligand, ., that does not appear to require conventional TGF-β superfamily receptors and Smads. In addition, two other TGF-β superfamily li

尽忠

多嘴

,Delineating the TGF-β/Smad-Induced Cytostatic Response,f G1 CDK activities. Smads play key roles in mediating the TGF-β growth-inhibitory response. Smads downregulate the expression of the protooncogene product c-Myc and inhibitor of differentiation Id (Id1, Id2, and Id3) and upregulate the expression of CDK inhibitors p15 and p21. The mechanisms for TG

暴露他抗议

Smads In Mesenchymal Differentiation,mong the differentiation lineages, mesenchymal tissue differentiation into bone, fat, cartilage or muscle is strongly regulated by TGF-β family members. Smads have shown themselves to function as cell-intrinsic regulators of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondro

夸张