Titlebook: Co-signal Molecules in T Cell Activation; Immune Regulation in Miyuki Azuma,Hideo Yagita Book 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019

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Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Co-signal Moleculesre is no doubt about an importance of co-signal molecules as one of the most promising targets in anti-cancer drugs. However, it should be noted that the proportion of patients who have objective and durable responses to immune checkpoint blockade remains less than 30% in majority of cancers. Thus,

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51005-3doctrine. Since the discovery of CD28, a variety of co-signal molecules, including co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors and ligands, have been identified. These molecules fine-tune various immune responses both in the primary or secondary lymphoid tissues and in the peripheral tissues. Most co

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Majd Zouda,Tomo Nishizawa,Larry Benczegger the full activation signal. Co-stimulation receptors also accumulate, mostly at the TCR-MC, and induce signals that positively and negatively modulate the direction and magnitude of T-cell activation. CD28 initially colocalizes with the TCR-MC but then migrates to a distinct region of the cSMAC

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Caroline Wehrmann,Ineke Henze–Rietveldon is derived from their ability to control and restrict the availability of co-signal molecules to other T cells. However, Tregs themselves also depend on many of the same co-signals for their own homeostasis, making this a complex system of feedback. In this chapter, we discuss the critical role o

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Caroline Wehrmann,Ineke Henze–Rietveldtory and inhibitory co-signals. Among various co-receptors, those in the CD28/CTLA-4 family play fundamental roles in the regulation of lymphocytes by modulating the strength, quality, and/or duration of the antigen receptor signal. The development of the lethal lymphoproliferative disorder and vari

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Science and Technology Governance and Ethicshly specialized environment where immune activation can be detrimental, it is crucial to understand mechanisms by which the immune system is regulated during neurological diseases. The system of co-signaling pathways provides the immune system with the means to fine-tune immune responses by turning