Titlebook: Germinal Centers; Methods and Protocol Dinis Pedro Calado Book 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017 GCs.Antibody immune responses.

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CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated In Vitro Mutagenesis in GC-Like B Cells,ns. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis in primary immune cells, in particular in B cells, is still in its infancy because of the difficulty to deliver the CRISPR/Cas9 system into these cells. Here, we describe a new method to use CRISPR/Cas9 for manipulating genes in germin

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Characterization of the B Cell Transcriptome Bound by RNA-Binding Proteins with iCLIP,eports have highlighted the importance of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) for mRNA splicing, subcellular location, stability, and translation during B lymphocyte development, activation, and differentiation. Here we describe individual-nucleotide resolution UV cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLI

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Flow-Cytometric Method Measuring B Cell Surface Immunoglobulin Avidity,a mechanism that enables real time increases in antibody affinity during the course of an immune response. This occurs in germinal centers (GC), which form in spleen and lymph nodes following immunization. GC B cell competition for limiting amount of antigen drives the selection of B cells expressin

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Somatic Hypermutation and Affinity Maturation Analysis Using the 4-Hydroxy-3-Nitrophenyl-Acetyl (NP center (GC) reaction in T cell-dependent immune responses. Determining the consequences of the experimental manipulation of the GC response on somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation requires the availability of a system that allows measuring these parameters. Immunization of mice of the C57/

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Development of Mouse Model Systems of Germinal Center Lymphomas,GC B cells have broadened our knowledge about the mechanisms of malignant transformation. However, extensive resources are needed due to the genetic complexity of these mouse models. Thus, bone marrow (BM)-derived chimerism is an attractive approach to study GC B cell derived lymphomagenesis, as it

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