Titlebook: An Introduction to Toxicology; Philip C. Burcham Textbook 2014 Springer-Verlag London 2014 Apoptosis.carcinogen.epidemiology.organ.tobacco

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Toxicokinetics: The Behaviour of Chemicals in the Body, processes dictate the ‘toxicokinetic fate’ of a xenobiotic – describing how it penetrates cell barriers to enter tissues (i.e. absorption), whether it is dispersed to particular organs and tissue compartments (distribution), how it undergoes chemical transformation within the liver (metabolism) and

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发怨言

Fight Back: Adaptive Responses to Toxicant Exposure,perienced a dramatic loss of effectiveness, with higher and higher doses required to elicit the original drug response. This capacity for physical tolerance alerted researchers to the phenomenon of enzyme induction: upon sustained exposure, the liver and other tissues simultaneously boost the expres

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Target-Organ Toxicity: Liver and Kidney,-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen causes kidney damage in vulnerable patients (e.g. the elderly). In addition to these medicinal risks, liver and kidney damages accompany exposure to synthetic chemicals in the workplace or as environmental pollutants. Still other chemicals that harm the excretor

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Chemicals and Cancer,ses possessing unstable genomes and aggressive tendencies to invade local tissue or metastasise to remote sites. Since the accumulation of mutations in critical genes typically underpins these harmful capabilities, modern toxicology devotes much effort to identifying chemicals that cause mutations.

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archaeology