Titlebook: Voltage Gated Sodium Channels; Peter C. Ruben Book 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 channelopathies.drug binding.selectivity.st

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Regulation/Modulation of Sensory Neuron Sodium Channels,imuli into electrical signals that are transmitted via central branches to the spinal cord. These neurons express unique combinations of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na. channels that contribute to the resting membrane potential, action potential threshold, and r

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The Role of Late ,, in Development of Cardiac Arrhythmias,vely small in all species and in all types of cardiomyocytes as compared with the amplitude of the fast sodium current, but it contributes significantly to the shape and duration of the action potential. This late component had been shown to increase in several acquired or congenital conditions, inc

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Proton Modulation of Cardiac ,,: A Potential Arrhythmogenic Trigger,mediating cardiac excitability. Cardiac ischemia triggers extracellular pH to drop as low as pH 6.0, within just 10 min of its onset. Heightened proton concentrations reduce sodium conductance and alter the gating parameters of the cardiac-specific voltage-gated sodium channel, Na.1.5. Most notably,

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Probing Gating Mechanisms of Sodium Channels Using Pore Blockers,ar side of the membrane and block ion conduction through the pore. Biophysical studies that shed light on the chemical nature, accessibility, and kinetics of binding of these naturally occurring and synthetic compounds reveal a wealth of information about how these channels gate. Here, we discuss in

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Animal Toxins Influence Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Function,toxins found in animal venoms. These molecules can be used to probe the functional aspects of Nav channels on a molecular level and to explore their physiological role in normal and diseased tissues. This chapter summarizes our existing knowledge of the mechanisms by which animal toxins influence Na

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Bacterial Sodium Channels: Models for Eukaryotic Sodium and Calcium Channels,prised of four identical subunits, each being analogous to a single homologous domain of their eukaryotic counterparts. Key elements of primary structure are conserved between bacterial and eukaryotic sodium and calcium channels. The simple protein structure of the bacterial channels has allowed ext

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Book 2014cists have at their disposal a rich and ever-growing array of instruments and reagents to explore the biophysical and structural basis of sodium channel behavior. Armed with these tools, researchers have made increasingly dramatic discoveries about sodium channels, culminating most recently in cryst