Titlebook: Semiconductor Lasers; Govind P. Agrawal,Niloy K. Dutta Book 1993Latest edition AT&T 1993 epitaxy.laser.semiconductor.semiconductor laser.t

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Surface-Emitting Lasers,of the wafer and light is emitted parallel to the surface of the wafer. For many applications requiring a two-dimensional laser array or monolithic integration of lasers with electronic components (e.g., optical interconnects), it is desirable to have the laser output normal to the surface of the wa

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Optical Amplifiers,(> 30 dB) in some devices. There are two principal types of optical amplifier: the semiconductor-laser amplifier (SLA), and the fiber amplifier. In an SLA, light is amplified when it propagates through a semiconductor medium fabricated in the form of a waveguide. In a fiber amplifier, light is ampli

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Photonic and Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits,semiconductor lasers and other related devices on a single chip. These chips allow higher levels of functionality than that achieved with single devices. For example, lasers and electronic drive circuits have been integrated, serving as simple monolithic lightwave transmitters. Similarly, optical de

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Infrared and Visible Semiconductor Lasers,ew of their important applications in optical data storage and optical fiber communications systems. However, longer-wavelength semiconductor lasers have also been of considerable interest and have found applications in molecular spectroscopy among other things, because of their large spectral tunin

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Degradation and Reliability,current that is often accompanied by a decrease in the external differential quantum efficiency. The dominant mechanism responsible for this degradation is determined by one or several of the fabrication processes including epitaxy, device processing, and bonding. In addition, the degradation rate o

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ed to a variety of semiconductor lasers covering a wide wavelength range of 0. 3- 100 ~m. The development during the 1970s of GaAs semiconductor lasers, emitting in the near-infrared region of 0. 8-0. 9 ~m, resulted in their use for the first generation of optical fiber communication systems. Howeve