Titlebook: Relaxing and Contracting Factors; Biological and Clini Paul M. Vanhoutte Book 1988 The Humana Press Inc. 1988 Dilatation.Drogen.blood vesse

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Endothelium-Dependent Responses in Large Arteries and in the Microcirculation,small artery diameter. As a result of the now classic discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) by Furchgott and Zawad-zki (1980), any discussion of the physiology or pathology of vascular reactivity must consider the integrity and function of the cells lining the intimal surface.

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Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor Relaxes Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cyclic GMP-Mediated Effects ocyclic GMP) (Katsuki et al., 1977; Ignarro et al., 1981; Rapoport et al., 1983a; Rapoport and Murad, 1983; Griffith et al., 1985a). How cyclic GMP regulates contraction of smooth muscle has only recently begun to emerge.

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Endothelial Cells in Culture and Production of Endothelium-Derived Constricting Factors,y of endogenous and exogenous agents has been shown to elicit relaxations that are mediated by the release from the endothelium of a short-lived substance referred to as endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF).

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Heterogeneity in Endothelium-Dependent Relaxations Acute, Chronic, and Evolutionary Modulations,xposed to quite different physical and chemical conditions, one explanation for the variations in responsiveness among them is that exposure to a given environment modulates the function of the endothelial cells and therefore affects the expression of endothelium-dependent responses.

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Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Resting Levels of Cyclic GMP and Cyclic AMP and Tension in Pulmate of guanylate cyclase (Ignarro et al., 1982a, 1984b; Wolin et al., 1982). This activated form of guanylate cyclase produced by NO-heme is kinetically identical to that produced by protoporphyrin IX, the immediate precursor to heme (Wolin et al., 1982).

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Endothelium-Dependent Responses in the Peripheral Microcirculation,in the microvasculature, where it may have an important physiological role, since small vessels regulate peripheral resistance and hence govern the distribution of blood flow in the intact circulation.

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Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Systemic Arteries, years ago. In view of the potent vasodilating activity of muscarinic agonists in vivo, it was to be expected that these agents would produce relaxation of isolated blood vessels in vitro. More than 13 years ago it was demonstrated in a number of laboratories that acetylcholine and other muscarinic