Titlebook: Raynaud’s Phenomenon; From Pathogenesis to Fredrick M. Wigley,Ariane L. Herrick,Nicholas A. F Book 2024Latest edition The Editor(s) (if app

符合国情

The Normal Structure and Function of the Cutaneous Vascular System,he skin (cutaneous vasoconstriction) and by increasing heat production (shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis). Blood vessels in the skin have specialized structural and functional features that enable them to contribute to thermoregulation. Arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) are direct connection

goodwill

ostensible

,Practical Approach to the Patient with Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Primary Versus Secondary Raynaud’s Pheit primary (idiopathic) or secondary, and if secondary, to what?’ Second: ‘What treatment is required?’ Assessment of severity of RP is also discussed..Most patients with RP have primary RP (as illustrated in a case history), but a minority have RP secondary to an underlying disease/condition, for e

Peculate

Tempor

,Secondary Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Focus on Rheumatic Diseases,challenge. Distal vasospasm may be aggravated by other disease manifestations which impact on the choice of therapy and responsiveness to vasodilator approaches. There are several important diseases that are associated with Raynaud’s phenomenon and these are distinguished by the underlying systemic

罐里有戒指

爆米花

,Raynaud’s Mimics,erature sensitivity and digital discoloration, two key features of RP, are shared by several other conditions which may complicate a clinical evaluation. An accurate diagnosis of RP is critical in risk stratifying patients with early rheumatic disease and determining appropriate management. Physicia

Kidney-Failure

Systemic Vasospasm,tivity is also the presumed mechanism underlying several common and uncommon disorders such as migraine headaches, preeclampsia, and vasospastic angina. While epidemiologic studies (case reports, case series, and some controlled studies) have linked RP and these conditions, there is yet to be any cl

conifer

Nailfold Capillaroscopy,ent population affected by the phenomenon of Raynaud (RP), its major role lies in pinpointing those patients who will develop systemic sclerosis (SSc) and in reassuring those patients who have (and will continue to have) a primary (idiopathic) RP. This chapter explains what nailfold capillary micros

sperse

,Autoantibodies in Raynaud’s Phenomenon,and vascular function. RP is frequently the presenting symptom of autoimmune rheumatic disease, e.g. in systemic sclerosis (SSc). As such, autoantibodies can help identify RP patients who are at risk of progression to systemic disease and prompt appropriate monitoring. As well as being serological b