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Titlebook: Low Dose Exposures in the Environment; Dose-Effect Relation Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü Book 2004 Springer-Verlag Be

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发表于 2025-3-21 16:41:15 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
书目名称Low Dose Exposures in the Environment
副标题Dose-Effect Relation
编辑Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü
视频video
丛书名称Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment
图书封面Titlebook: Low Dose Exposures in the Environment; Dose-Effect Relation Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü Book 2004 Springer-Verlag Be
描述.The ever-increasing release of harmful agents due to human activities have led in some areas of the world to heavy pollution. In order to protect human health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific data about the effects and mechanisms of these agents as well as on ethical, social and economic aspects. For risk evaluation, the knowledge of the dose response curve is an essential prerequisite. Dose responses without a threshold dose are most critical in this connection. Such dose responses are assumed for mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, which, therefore, dominate also the discussion in this book. In the environmentally important low dose range, risk estimation can only be achieved by extrapolation from higher doses with measurable effects. The extrapolation is accompanied with uncertainties which makes risk evaluation as well as risk communication frequently problematic. In order to ensure rational efficient and fair decisions beyond a soun
出版日期Book 2004
关键词Human Carcinogens; Radiation; environment; human health; pollution; toxicology; ecotoxicology
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08422-9
isbn_softcover978-3-642-05923-0
isbn_ebook978-3-662-08422-9Series ISSN 1860-4803 Series E-ISSN 1860-4811
issn_series 1860-4803
copyrightSpringer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004
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Book 2004an health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific data abou
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Recommendations for Environmental Risks to Human Health: Evaluation and Regulatory Processes,nd and the maintenance of a healthy and sustainable environment for today’s life and for future generations on the other hand. Therefore regulations; including the setting of environmental standards; are very important.
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Toxicology of Chemical Carcinogens,the parent compound, or, very frequently, in the form of an ultimately active metabolite. Hence, a complicated interplay of activating and inactivating enzyme systems must be considered in performing low-dose extrapolations. This chapter provides some outstanding examples of typical ways of argumentation.
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Comparing Summary of Action of Ionising Radiation and Chemicals in Carcinogenesis,stem and developmental effects especially of the central nervous system. However, in the debate about protection of humans and the environment against industrial toxic releases and other anthropogenic burdens these later damages have only minor positions. Therefore, this report has focussed to discuss cancer risk.
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Hypothesis Testing and the Choice of the Dose-Response Model,of cancer led toxicologists to first suggest a non-threshold model during the early 1960s (Roderick 1992). Since that time a number of models have been suggested, and present work in health physics, toxicology and epidemiology is concerned with questions about both the shape of the dose-response curve and whether or not a threshold exists.
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1860-4803 rotect human health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific
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