书目名称 | Low Dose Exposures in the Environment | 副标题 | Dose-Effect Relation | 编辑 | Christian Streffer,H. Bolt,E. Swaton,Friederike Wü | 视频video | | 丛书名称 | Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment | 图书封面 |  | 描述 | .The ever-increasing release of harmful agents due to human activities have led in some areas of the world to heavy pollution. In order to protect human health and the environment, environmental standards that shall limit the release and the concentration of those toxic agents in the environment and hence the exposure to it have to be established. The related assessment and decision-making procedures have to be based on solid scientific data about the effects and mechanisms of these agents as well as on ethical, social and economic aspects. For risk evaluation, the knowledge of the dose response curve is an essential prerequisite. Dose responses without a threshold dose are most critical in this connection. Such dose responses are assumed for mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, which, therefore, dominate also the discussion in this book. In the environmentally important low dose range, risk estimation can only be achieved by extrapolation from higher doses with measurable effects. The extrapolation is accompanied with uncertainties which makes risk evaluation as well as risk communication frequently problematic. In order to ensure rational efficient and fair decisions beyond a soun | 出版日期 | Book 2004 | 关键词 | Human Carcinogens; Radiation; environment; human health; pollution; toxicology; ecotoxicology | 版次 | 1 | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08422-9 | isbn_softcover | 978-3-642-05923-0 | isbn_ebook | 978-3-662-08422-9Series ISSN 1860-4803 Series E-ISSN 1860-4811 | issn_series | 1860-4803 | copyright | Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004 |
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