Titlebook: Local Public Finance; An International Com René Geissler,Gerhard Hammerschmid,Christian Raffe Book 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021

褪色

野蛮

FLAT

大酒杯

Pituitary-Gland

governments, evolution of regulation, administrative costs This book is based upon a comparative public administration research project, initiated by the Hertie School of Governance (Germany) and the Bertelsmann Foundation (Germany) and supported by a network of researchers from many EU countries.

escalate

反抗者

Fiscal Supervision and Party Politics: Lessons from Austria and Germany evidence that such a setting induces collusion and contributes to less sustainable budgeting. In Germany, the influence of party politics in fiscal supervision of local governments is more subtle but still sizable. It is furthermore evident that fiscal supervisors in both countries use supervision policies to realise their party agendas.

Chromatic

Preventing Local Government Defaults: No-Bailout Policy and Its Alternativesupon a balanced mix of policy measures, notably providing sufficient funding, adequate fiscal supervision, early intervention mechanisms and bailout rules that are sufficiently unattractive. A no-bailout rule is neither necessary nor sufficient.

彻底明白

CLAY

Budget Institutions for Subnational Fiscal Discipline: Local Fiscal Rules in Post-Crisis EU Countrierical evidence on subnational fiscal rules and their impact and effectiveness on fiscal outcomes. The chapter ends with some concluding remarks and lessons drawn from the experience of fiscal rules across both time and space and outlines how policymakers can learn from this international experience.