Titlebook: Invertebrate Immunology; B. Rinkevich,W. E. G. Müller Book 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996 Immunologie.Interverteberates.Marin

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Blood Clotting in Invertebrates,Well before clotting evolved, innate mechanisms served to prevent loss of body fluid from an injured site. Injury to an animal can result in a loss of body fluid and favour attack and entry of opportunistic pathogens. Irrespective of the level of organization, each organism is equipped with defense mechanisms to counteract this threat.

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Invertebrate Immunology978-3-642-79735-4Series ISSN 0079-6484 Series E-ISSN 2197-8484

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Humoral Factors in Marine Invertebrates,nto the immune processes of invertebrates (which represent 95% of animal species), as it was assumed that with a short life-span and a high rate of reproduction, a complex and highly efficient immune system was not required.

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Cytotoxic Activity of Tunicate Hemocytes,nsidered to be the most primitive members of the phylum Chordata. Owing to their position in the phylogenetic line leading to the vertebrates, they have attained importance as experimental organisms and have been examined by researchers from a variety of disciplines (developmental biology, ecology, physiology, and immunology).

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Book 1996 1882, who discovered phagocytosis while studying starfish larvae. Invertebrate immunology first began to be appre­ ciated as an important field in the late 1960s and 1970s. However, in the following years there was much controversy regarding the question: do invertebrates offer insight into the ori

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