Titlebook: Getting Started in Quantum Optics; Ray LaPierre Textbook 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to

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Single Photon on a Beam Splitter,. We derive the photodetection probabilities for a single photon on a beam splitter, including single photon detection and double photon detection (coincidence counting). The correlation function is introduced for classical and quantum light. We show that the beam splitter creates an entangled state

BROOK

Entanglement,sed hidden variables in an attempt to explain the probabilities of quantum mechanics. John Bell proposed a test, using entangled states, showing that quantum mechanics cannot be explained by hidden variables.

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Multimode Quantized Radiation,ode radiation is a “toy model” or approximation, since all real radiation is multimode. In reality, an infinite wave train of a single frequency doesn’t exist. In this chapter, we introduce a more realistic description of light, called multimode light. The quantum optics treatment for the detection

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Coherent State,? We will see that the coherent state can be described as a superposition of Fock states. The properties of the coherent state are derived, including the Poisson distribution of photon number. The quadrature components of the coherent state are derived, showing that the coherent state is a minimum u

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Coherent State in an Interferometer, detection. The uncertainty and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the homodyne signal is analyzed, leading to an important conclusion—the SNR for the coherent state arises from the uncertainty in the field quadrature of the vacuum input to the interferometer.

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Squeezed Light,er, we examine one of the most useful of these, called “squeezed light.” We show that the uncertainty in the phase or amplitude quadrature of squeezed light can be reduced as compared to coherent light, making squeezed light very useful in metrology. The squeezed vacuum state is introduced, and the

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Palliation

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