Titlebook: Gene Knockout Protocols; Martin J. Tymms,Ismail Kola Book 2001 Humana Press 2001

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Interferon-Inducible ES Cell Expression Systems,). Gain-of-function mutations are generally generated by cDNA overexpression and in this chapter we review the status of heterologous gene expression systems that can be used for this purpose in ES cells.

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Book 2001e ultimate goal: to understand the normal biological functions of these genes, and how alterations lead to disease states. In this task there is a severe limitation in working with human material, but the mouse has been adopted as the favored animal model because of the available genetic resources a

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Graeme Johanson,Anja Michaela FladrichEmbryonic stem (ES) cells, the totipotent cells of early embryos established as permanent lines (.,.) retain their developmental capacity in vivo (.) as well as in vitro (..–.). The totipotent properties of ES cells are the basis of the gene-targeting technology to create mutant mice strains with inactivated genes by homologous recombination (.).

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f gene products. Not only can gene disruption demonstrate the function of genes, but by disrupting cell development or survival it can also demonstrate the function of specific cell types. Some knockout mice are murine models of human genetic diseases and have proven that a single gene defect is cap

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ansmitted through the mouse germline (.–.), the application of a variety of gene-targeting methodologies has generated a remarkable number of novel and informative mutant mouse strains that have been invaluable not only for the study of gene function in vivo, but also serving as model systems for hu

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