Titlebook: Electron and Ion Optics; Miklos Szilagyi Book 1988 Plenum Press, New York 1988 Wafer.analog.circuit.computer.electromagnetic field.electro

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delta-waves

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Quasars: Beacons at the Beginning of Time of charged particle beams in electromagnetic fields. The general properties of axially symmetric electrostatic and magnetic fields and the basic methods of their calculation were already treated in Chapter 3. In this chapter a detailed investigation of their . will be given.

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magnetic fields. The spectacular development of the electron microscope clearly shows the possibilities of image formation by charged particles of wavelength much shorter than that of visible light. As new applications such as particle accelerators, cathode ray tubes, mass and energy spectrometers,

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,Kinderonkologie – Allgemeines,ctrostatic lenses must be applied. This is a consequence of the scaling laws of Section 2-8. Since the refractive power of axially symmetric magnetic lenses is roughly proportional to the charge-to-mass ratio [see Eqs. (4-51) and (4-117)], electrostatic lenses are especially suitable for the control of heavy ions.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05619-4ic lenses. The resolution of ion probes is, therefore, always limited by aberrations. But the reduction of magnetic lens aberrations is also desirable to improve the performance of electron microscopes, electron probe instruments, etc.