Titlebook: Core Techniques of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery; Yong Ahn,Jin-Kyu Park,Chun-Kun Park Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The A

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讨好美人

blight

Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy/Foraminoplastyonfirmed that postoperative muscle damage can be reduced depending on the wound size and approach direction and method. As a treatment for FS using this endoscopic approach, TELF/TELD (Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy/discectomy) is a technique that enables the selective removal of neur

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Anterior Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomysurgery, with the benefits of minimally invasive spinal surgery. With technical advancements in surgical instruments and optics, the anterior PECD technique will become more practical and safer in the near future.

savage

Myosin

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Frank C. Hoppensteadt,Eugene M. IzhikevichLIF were familiar surgical anatomy, direct neural decompression, and endoscopic endplate preparation. The biportal endoscopic TLIF may be a good alternative treatment for lumbar degenerative disease. We introduced and described the surgical technique of biportal endoscopic TLIF.

Ballerina

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History and Basic Concepts of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Surgery (UBE) and irrigation [4]. Soliman reported surgical management of lumbar disc prolapse and spinal stenosis using two separate portals in 2013 and 2015 [5, 6]. The surgical technique shown in Fig. 1 used by Soliman was very similar to the UBE technique used today.