Titlebook: Colposcopy; Comprehensive Textbo Ralph J. Lellé,Volkmar Küppers Book 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 Cervical Cancer.Cervical Intr

纪念

Exposition

Introduction,University, Germany, in 1925. While cytopathology and, more recently, HPV testing have become the methods of choice for many screening programs, colposcopy is the universally recognized procedure and gold standard for triage of abnormal Pap smears and/or positive HPV test results.

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Normal Anatomy of the Cervix,ell carcinoma and its predecessors develop within the transformation zone on the basis of human papillomavirus infection. Transformation and metaplasia cause a variety of physiologic phenomena, which need to be recognized by the colposcopists and distinguished from pathologic findings.

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enterprise

The Significance of Cytology, Biopsy, and HPV Testing,es. However, Pap smear results do not provide a reliable diagnosis. Therefore, colposcopic triage is required, which includes target biopsy. HPV testing plays an important role as a screening tool either alone or in combination with cytology. For the colposcopist, knowledge of the strengths and limitations of these methods are indispensable.

PAGAN

Operative Colposcopy,ancerous lesions. In the following chapter, various procedures such as cold-knife conization, LEEP, cryosurgery, and CO. laser vaporization are described. Also, follow-up assessment of successful removal of squamous and glandular precancerous lesions is discussed.

思考

Colposcopy During Pregnancy,to pregnancy, colposcopy is particularly demanding. In patients who previously have not had regular cervical screening, a Pap smear and an HPV screening test (≥30 years) should be obtained at the time of the first office visit. If test results suggest CIN2+ disease, colposcopy is required.

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