Titlebook: Colonic Microbiota, Nutrition and Health; Glenn R. Gibson,Marcel B. Roberfroid Book 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1999 Co

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GULF

Modulation, Multiplex und Codierung,n a multiplicity of different microhabitats and metabolic niches associated with the mucosa, the mucus layer or in the colonic lumen, where bacteria exist as ‘free-living’ organisms, as microcolonies, or grow in intimate associations on the surfaces of particulate materials (Englyst .., 1987; Macfar

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BALK

Modulation, Multiplex und Codierung,tivity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon’ (Gibson and Roberfroid, 1995). In this context, a prebiotic is a dietary ingredient that reaches the large intestine in an intact form and has a specific metabolism therein — directed towards advantageous rather than adverse bacteria. This

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69258-4 of high-fibre foods have been long appreciated. In 430 BC, Hippocrates described the laxative effects of coarse wheat in comparison with refined wheat (McCance and Widdowsen, 1955). Graham, of graham cracker fame, denounced the harmful effects of refined carbohydrate foods during the 19th century,

GLEAN

Entwicklung der Nachrichtentechnik,onstructed with limited and often fragmentary information. A major obstacle for microbiologists in the identification and classification of organisms is the ability to apply individual tests universally across all bacterial groups. For example, biochemical tests incorporating carbohydrates have been

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69258-4, 1994; Conway, 1995). The interactions of these gut micro-organisms with their environment have far reaching implications for the health of the host organism. While a great deal of information has been gained from cultural techniques, it has long been recognised that many micro-organisms are fastid

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Jens-Rainer Ohm,Hans Dieter Lükedamental role in the ecology of the gastrointestinal tract in both health and disease. However, attempts to improve the characteristics of bifidobacteria for practical applications, and gain a detailed knowledge of the physiology of these organisms, have been severely limited by the lack of molecula

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69258-4n encounter, and in some instances, infect the host. Some mucosal surfaces, such as the heavily colonised distal intestine, are physiologically colonised by a commensal microflora that entertains symbiotic interactions with its host. Others, such as the distal respiratory airways, remain relatively

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69258-4sified according to their chemical structures and fermentability by the resident bacterial microflora (Englyst .., 1992; Cummings, 1997). Some have been studied more extensively in order to assess their influence on lipid metabolism and circulating blood lipids. This is especially the case for the f