Titlebook: Atlas of Clinical Urology; The Kidneys and Adre Andrew C. Novick (Chairman),Michael Marberger (Pro Book 2000 Springer Science+Business Medi

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A Tour of Important Distributions,on is typically caused by an intrinsic lesion in the ureteropelvic wall, although secondary obstruction due to crossing vessels is a relatively rare finding. Despite the availability of minimally invasive alternatives, pyeloplasty by open surgical means is still the standard procedure in small children.

Substance

GRIEF

Evaluation and Management of Benign and Malignant Adrenal Tumorsnosis of adrenal disorders is extremely accurate when using a 1) combination of precise biochemical methods for the measurement of the abnormal secretion of adrenal hormones, and 2) sophisticated radiographic imaging techniques for the localization and characterization of specific adrenal lesions [2].

BILIO

Ureteroscopic Management of Renal Stones extension of these same techniques into the mid- and proximal ureter with excellent results. Application of the techniques to the renal pelvis and intrarenal collecting system is a reasonable next step.

BRAND

预测

Energy, Climate and the Environmentimaging also has resulted in a shift in the stage and size of renal cell carcinoma at time of detection, with 25% of tumors being less than 3 cm and 17% of patients presenting with metastases in the 1980s, compared with 5% and 32%, respectively, in the 1970s [3].

要控制

George F. R. Ellis,Jonathan Kopeltherapy appears to have two practical means of influencing urolithiasis: primary prevention and the prevention of recurrence. This chapter explores how these options can be applied and examines the evidence available to support the effectiveness of medical therapy.

impaction