Titlebook: Atlas of Cardiac Surgery; Francis C. Wells Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer

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Overstate

Wolfgang Prinz,Elke Hinrichs,Irina Kireyev the left anterior descending (LAD) in St Petersburg. Three years later, René Favaloro performed a similar operation at the Cleveland Clinic using a saphenous vein graft. Half a century after this pioneering work, CABG is now one of the most frequently performed surgical operations in the world. Des

聋子

Peter Gall Krogh,Marianne Graves Petersencardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegia. The technique was revived again in the 1980s, driven by the financial benefits of not needing the bypass machine. Off pump has further developed with minimally invasive direct access coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB), typically consisting of anastomosing

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整体

Anticipative Awareness in a Groupware System to the leaflet margins and the belly of the leaflets (Fig. 4.1). There are usually two primary papillary muscle complexes, supero-lateral (antero-lateral/anterior) and infero-septal (postero-septal/posterior). The true anatomical descriptive name is used first but the papillary muscles are frequent

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制度

神圣将军

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13641-7d valve prosthesis, it would result in a restricted effective orifice area. When indexed to the body surface area, this could result in patient prosthesis mismatch in larger patients. This has been associated with adverse outcomes such as increased left ventricular work, inferior left ventricular ma

不自然

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13641-7id. Aortic root replacement entails complete excision and replacement of the aortic valve, all aortic sinuses, and reimplantation of the coronaries into the prosthetic aortic root. This is the Bentall operation, first described in 1968. If the valve is preserved, then it is referred to as Valve Spar

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