Titlebook: Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2015; Jean-Louis Vincent Book 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 20

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Optimizing Antimicrobial Efficacy at Minimal Toxicity: A Novel Indication for Continuous Renal Replacile optimal treatment efficacy and safety when high doses of antimicrobial agents have to be administered for an extended time period [1, 2]. In this chapter, we briefly review the literature and share our own experience regarding some antibiotics and antifungals when this ‘novel’ CRRT approach is realized.

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Early Identification of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Causative Pathogens: Focus on the Value of Gcosts. Early identification of causative pathogens plays a critical role in the administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy and patient outcomes. In particular, in patients with clinical suspicion of VAP, respiratory samples should be obtained promptly to corroborate the provision of effective

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Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections: A Critical Look at the Role and Research of Quality dynamic monitoring. Unfortunately, use of these devices predisposes to the development of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). Approximately half of the patients admitted to the ICU require a CVC [1], and these catheters account for the majority of CLABSIs [2]. In the USA, up to

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Infectionents [2, 3]. An episode of . infection (CDI) is defined as a clinical picture compatible with CDI (i. e., diarrhea, ileus and toxic megacolon) with microbiological evidence of . (ideally free . toxins) in stool, without reasonable evidence of another cause of diarrhea, or identification of pseudomem

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Viral Sepsissed within a capsid consisting of a protein core. Viruses are obligatory intracellular microorganisms that live inside cells, using components of the nucleic acid and protein generating system of the host to replicate and trigger cell destruction leading to diseases. Alternatively, the host’s defens

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Light and Shade of New Antibioticsity and hospital settings [1]. Physicians routinely encounter patients with infections that are not responding to available treatments and when new antibacterials arrive on the market, bacteria quickly develop resistance. The microorganisms that are mainly involved in the resistance process are the

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Optimizing Antimicrobial Efficacy at Minimal Toxicity: A Novel Indication for Continuous Renal Replacations, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) of different origins, hemodynamic instability without AKI and fluid overload, CRRT can act as a ‘supportive’ therapy that allows adequate dosing of antimicrobials whilst limiting some or all of their known toxicities. In particular, CRRT may elegantly recon