Titlebook: Advanced Technique of Endoscopic Cervical and Thoracic Spine Surgery; Hyeun Sung Kim,Dong Hwa Heo,Chun-Kun Park Book 2023 The Editor(s) (i

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Realizable Models of Muscle Function,ury. Compared with the conventional posterior approach, cervical laminectomy by unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) is advantageous because it involves smaller skin incisions, preserved paraspinal muscle and ligamentous complex, and a better high-resolution magnification. Cervical laminectomy by UBE

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Realizable Models of Muscle Function,vical approach can reduce iatrogenic muscle injury and postoperative wound pain. Minimally invasive cervical surgery can enhance recovery after surgery. Biportal endoscopic approaches may have expandability. We attempted the biportal endoscopy assistant cervical posterior instrumentations. We introd

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Residual Stress in the Left Ventricle are several conventional open surgical techniques, but the advantage of direct visualization is often related to a potential risk of pulmonary complications, extensive bone resection, and a wide range of instrumentations. Endoscopic surgery can minimize the incidence of complications by preserving

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Residual Stress in the Left Ventricleure, surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation is challenging. Transforaminal access offers a safe surgical corridor into the thoracic spinal canal. Under local anesthesia, direct discectomy with endoscopic visualization through a transforaminal approach is an effective treatment method for the

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Hyeun Sung Kim,Dong Hwa Heo,Chun-Kun ParkCovers the latest knowledge of cervical and thoracic spinal endoscopic surgery.Provides abundant illustrations and surgical videos.Written by expert spinal endoscopy surgeons

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