Titlebook: Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology; Volume 1: Invertebra Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira,Bret A. Moore,Gil Ben-Sh Textbook 2022 Springer Nature

Vo2-Max

MOAT

Evolution of Photoreception and the Eyeevelopment of complex lifeforms seems very much integrated with the development of vision, with well-developed optics seen in some of the earliest arthropods from simple ocelli (Schoenemann and Clarkson 2012) to highly developed compound eyes of trilobites (Clarkson et al. 2006) with complex optics,

留恋

gorgeous

Ophthalmology of Agnatha: Lampreys and Hagfishthe best approximation of what advances and changes occurred in the eye at this invertebrate-vertebrate transition. I say approximation, as the eyes of modern-day lampreys and hagfish may not mirror exactly the situation 250 million years ago, given that the current ocular morphology may represent a

Malaise

vitrectomy

Ophthalmology of Osteichthyes: Bony Fishs previously discussed in Chap. ., the two surviving groups of Agnathans, lampreys and hagfish, are rarely encountered in veterinary medicine. Also discussed, Chondrichthyes are notable for having skeletons comprised of cartilage rather than bone. One of the two extant subclasses of Chondrichthyes,

拱形大桥

Introduction to Ophthalmology of Amphibiaof domestic animal species and a basic understanding of these differences is essential for providing appropriate veterinary care to this group. This chapter outlines key clinically relevant adaptations of amphibians to provide context and considerations for managing an amphibian patient. Common clin

勋章

窝转脊椎动物

Introduction to Ophthalmology of Reptilia lineages: Lepidosauromorpha (Lizards, Serpentes, and their relatives) and Archosauromorpha (Crocodilila, Testudines, their relatives, and eventually Aves). In terms of the number of species, lizards (Iguania, Gekkota, among others—59%) and Serpentes (snakes—35%) occupy the majority, whereas Testudi

使入迷

Ophthalmology of Rhynchocephalia: Tuatara in existence today, the tuatara (.). (Cree 2014) Therefore, many consider the tuatara to be a “living fossil” or a “living dinosaur” (Gans 1983). The former description would suggest the tuatara has been unchanged since first appearing in the Mesozoic era and has therefore fallen out of favor (Cree