Titlebook: Urinary Fistula; René Sotelo,Charles F. Polotti,Juan Arriaga Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive li

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Vesicocutaneous Fistula is associated with many different causes and there is no formal classification for its study. There are many situations where a VCF can form, congenital, acquired or iatrogenic because of pre-existing perivesical inflammatory processes. The clinical presentation is characterized by urine output thr

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Urinary Fistula After Kidney Transplantges from 3.7% to 6%. Most of them occur within first 2 weeks of transplant. Early causes are technical errors, unrecognized or iatrogenic injuries. Delayed causes include ureteral necrosis due to any cause. Studies have stated male recipient, African American recipient, multiple arteries donor and T

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Vascular-Urinary Fistulateral fistula is the most common type. Risk factors for developing this condition include previous pelvic radiation or surgery, vascular surgery or stenting, and indwelling ureteral stents. An increase in the incidence has been suggested. In patients with unexplained hematuria, this condition should

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Vesicovaginal Fistula: Open Approach cause of VVF worldwide varies, but they are most commonly due to obstetric injuries and injury during pelvic surgery. Regardless of the etiology, VVF is a devastating condition that can lead to enormous psychological distress, social isolation, and significant morbidity. Surgical repair is the gold

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