Titlebook: Understanding Fever and Body Temperature; A Cross-disciplinary Ewa Grodzinsky,Märta Sund Levander Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) a

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Physiological and Immunological Activity,e response to foreign or self-antigens. Further, they induce an increase in body temperature and stimulate the synthesis of acute-phase proteins. Research on the pathogenesis of fever is today called ‘cytokine biology’, that is, pyrogenic activity.

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Conclusions,stioned routine and tradition rather than evidence-based knowledge. The earlier chapters in the book integrate physiological and immunological knowledge with historical and current perspectives on temperature measurements and temperature measurement technology. The scenarios will bring all these insights together.

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History of the Thermometer,rmometer was the first practical device to become commercially available. The technology has then improved to provide highly accurate devices, for example, thermal imaging; its use is still growing in medicine.

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Physiological and Inflammatory Activity in Various Conditions, immune system are defective. It is innate or adaptive depending on which component of the immune system is defective. The relationship between immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases is well established, for example, malignancies, endocrine disorders, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and pain.

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History of the Thermometer,re developed during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In 1665, it was suggested that the melting point of ice and the boiling point of water should be the standard. The most common scales today are the Fahrenheit, Centigrade, and the Kelvin scales. Since the earliest days of medicine, physici

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Technical Accuracy,well-established field of metrology (measurement science), which broadly divides into two practical methods of implementation: contact and non-contact thermometry. Technical accuracy includes different terms. Calibration is the process of attributing a traceable temperature to the output of a thermo

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