Titlebook: Systems Research II; Essays in Honor of Y Kyoichi Kijima,Junichi Iijima,Bumpei Nakano Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Autho

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Kenji Tanakaontributors. It is recorded that only 10 people from Zambia contribute and create content on wikipedia in the month of may 2023. While a large number consumes Wikipedia content, there is a noticeably low number of Wikipedians that contribute content on and about Zambia. This paper presents a Faceboo

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978-981-16-9943-6The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapor

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9941-2General Systems Theory; Management Information Theory; Risk Management; Financial Systems; Systems Scien

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PVaR: A New Risk Measure for Financial Investmentsot fixed, which is common in real investment situations. In order to measure market risk of investments in such common situations, we proposed the notion of Period Value at Risk(PVaR) in early 2010s. This article is to introduce PVaR and its computation methods that we developed in recent years.

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