Titlebook: Surgical Intensive Care Medicine; John Merritt O’Donnell (Director, Chairman),Flávio Book 20011st edition Springer-Verlag US 2001 Sepsis.S

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Ischemic Stroke a major public health issue because it is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability. Devastating ischemic brain injury often strikes patients who are in the hospital for treatment of an unrelated medical or surgical condition. From 5% to 10% of acute strokes occur i

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Hemorrhagic Strokeh ICH and SAH are associated with high initial mortality and long-term morbidity. Various treatment strategies are available to minimize and to prevent ongoing neurologic injury. For these treatments to be effective, they must be instituted while the injury is still reversible. Thus, early recogniti

nephritis

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Analgesia and Sedation 70% of patients. The most frequently used agents were morphine sulfate, lorazepam, and diazepam, and the most common indications were “to improve oxygenation or to reduce peak airway pressure” and “to treat anxiety.”

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Head Injuriesisms of secondary injury and development of appropriate treatment strategies, there has been a significant decline in head injury mortality over the past two decades. Indeed, contemporary multicenter studies are reporting mortality rates as low as 17% (3) (Figure 1).

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Hemorrhagic Stroket ongoing neurologic injury. For these treatments to be effective, they must be instituted while the injury is still reversible. Thus, early recognition is essential. This chapter discusses the etiology, clinical manifestations, and critical management of ICH and SAH.

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Intracranial Hypertensionns an integral tool for evaluating the severity and progression of the pathologic process. The management of ICH should be guided by ICP monitoring with the goals of ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion and controlling ICP.

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