Titlebook: State, Institutions and Democracy; Contributions of Pol Norman Schofield,Gonzalo Caballero Book 2017 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The

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Valence and Ideological Proximity in the Rise of Nationalist Parties: Spanish General Elections, 200port across Europe (Bosco and Verney 2012). This reaction seems a natural response to austerity measures and the rise of unemployment in the region. Meanwhile, in some European regions that have a different cultural identity to the dominant identity, a seemingly significant rise of peripheral nation

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Measuring Direct Democracyt of theoretical and empirical contributes have been added. Most of them are directly related to the approach proposed by the venerable founding father. For this reason, they form the so-called economic theories of politics, strongly based on assumptions of individuals as rational and self-intereste

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Is There a Doctor in the House? with adequate care while simultaneously attempting to control costs. A vast literature addresses the various advantages and disadvantages of private versus public systems in meeting these two goals. Summers (1989) suggests that an optimal system would combine a public system—to ensure universal cov

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Civil Service and the Crisis: A Comparative Analysis of Iberian Countries (2008–2013)ial Crisis (GFC) brought in an extreme stresses for changes and cutback management in the civil service. These were particularly deep in European Southern countries like Portugal and Spain where governments are introducing budgets cuts and private sector practices in the management of public service

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Congressional Negotiations with Costly Voting: Understanding the Reforms to PEMEX in 2006–2008 presidents of Mexico before Felipe Calderón tried to modernize Pemex but they failed to pass any meaningful legal reform through Congress. In this chapter I explain why Calderón was successful where other presidents were not. At the same time, I explain why Calderón’s successes were not as large as

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