Titlebook: Standard of Living; Essays on Economics, Patrick Gray,Joshua Hall,Javier Silvestre Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s

Chandelier

Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours Limits Through the Sthe Court and a renewed emphasis on the role of minimum wages in ensuring health and safety of women and children during the Depression led the Court to declare minimums for women constitutional. This opened the door for federal minimum wage legislation for all workers.

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,Adult Guardianship and Local Politics in Rhode Island, 1750–1800,or geographic region. The common factor appears to be the stress and disorder of the era. We investigated Hopkinton more closely and found that the town councilmen in this newest Rhode Island town put adults under guardianship in heavy-handed ways, especially in the 1780s and 1790s, often bypassing

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无能力之人

An Economic Approach to Religious Communes: The Shakers,were influenced by both religious belief and economic incentives; despite communalism, Shaker farms and shops generally performed just as productively as their neighbors; the organization of Shaker communes under the Family system was a compromise that balanced communal ideals with the costs of moti

Somber

Religion, Human Capital, and Economic Diversity in Nineteenth-Century Hesse-Cassel,ful differences in the socioeconomic characteristics of communities existed, with majority-Protestant places a bit more urban than majority-Catholic ones and places with Jews the most urban. We document the occupations of the Jewish population, finding many traders, consistent with the literature, b

Odyssey

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Grain Market Integration in Late Colonial Mexico,l of performance that is comparable to that found in the United States and some European regions. Spatial arbitrage (the buying in high-price regions and selling in low-price regions) was a driving force that broke local monopolies, opened the participation to other actors and created more diversifi

Congruous

William McKinley, Optimal Reneging, and the Spanish-American War,tary capability reaches some threshold. Once military capability reaches this threshold, it is optimal to renege on a commitment to peace. I conduct simulations of the model to determine the likelihood that McKinley would renege during his first term. I find that if the ex ante estimate of the benef