Titlebook: Spinal Anatomy; Modern Concepts Jean Marc Vital,Derek Thomas Cawley Book 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Vertebral Column.Embryolo

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The Reserve of Hip Extension and Its Relationship with the Spinesition..If there is a limitation during displacement, the femur with every step would force the pelvis to repeated extension and the spine to repeated hyperlordotic movements, leading to degeneration and back pain..It can be evaluated by clinical examination, by optoelectronic methods, and as we wil

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The Cranial Vertebrantal gaze. As demonstrated in the chapter of phylogeny, evolution has ensured this important visuo-spatial principle. If one wants to appreciate the sagittal balance of the cervical vertebral column, it is necessary to recognize the radiological references of the cranial vertebra and especially to d

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Surgical Anatomy of the Vertebral Pediclerior arch, and is a landmark for finding the disc or the foramen intra-operatively, that is conventionally used for instrumentation and has remained central to advances in computer-aided surgical techniques. Its anatomical features are detailed in this chapter and must be respected, both in the norm

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The Pelvic Vertebra, the Cephalic Vertebra and the Concept of the Chain of Balanceppears evident that the vision of the pelvis oblique on the X-ray projection was only partial because its proper location in the sagittal and horizontal plane was missing when comparing the clinical aspect of the patient and the X-ray projection. The three dimensions and the concept of the entire pe

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The Intervertebral Disclate, and the marginal listel (apophyseal ring). The IVD infrastructure consists of proteoglycans, collagen, hyaluronic acid, and water with a hydrophilic role, hydraulic shock absorber, and stress transmission according to a tensegrity model (tensional integrity). MR imaging shows the different typ

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The Spinal Ligamentson form a complex ligamentous system whose main purpose is to stabilize the odontoid process behind the anterior arch of the atlas. At the lower cervical level, the posterior longitudinal ligament is made of two layers, anterior median and posterior lateral; all ligamentous structures are torn in se