Titlebook: Species, Species Concepts and Primate Evolution; William H. Kimbel,Lawrence B. Martin Book 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1

Bucket

bout the historical path of evolution is a graphical representation called a phylogenetic tree. In most such graphics, pairs of branches diverge from other branches, successively marching across abstract time toward the present. To each branch is tied a tag with a name, a binominal symbol that funct

不来

Geographic Variation in Primatesvariation in the skulls and teeth of living primates and, then, to discuss the problems and prospects of dealing with such variation among fossils. We begin with some general background observations about geographic variation and speciation in primates.

Frisky

infinite

Catarrhine Dental Variability and Species Recognition in the Fossil RecordOlson, 1981, 1985; Senut and Tardieu, 1985), . (Zwell and Pilbeam, 1972), and . (Wood, 1985, this volume), to name a few. Since the majority of fossil specimens consist of teeth, a good deal of this debate centers on the interpretation of dental variation.

舔食

唠叨

Cladistic Concepts and the Species Problem in Hominoid Evolutional approach, even among some of its initial antagonists (Nelson, 1970, 197la,b); Bonde, 1977; Bock, 1977; Szalay, 1977; Platnick, 1977, 1978, 1979; Platnick and Gaffney, 1977; Patterson, 1978; Mayr, 1968, 1981; but see Cartmill, 1981 for a critique of the utility of Popper’s model of scientific enquiry for testing phylogenetic interpretations).

Anthology

迫击炮

Measures of Dental Variation as Indicators of Multiple Taxa in Samples of Sympatric , Speciesvestigating systematic diversity (Gingerich, 1974, 1979; Gingerich and Shoeninger, 1979; Kay, 1982a,b; Kay and Simons, 1983; Kelley, 1986; Kimbel and White, 1988; Martin and Andrews, 1984; Simpson, 1941a, and many others). The coefficient of variation (CV) has been the most frequently used statistic in a majority of these studies.

使残废

Multivariate Craniometric Variation in Chimpanzeeshasis to be on the relationships between processes of speciation and the morphological patterns that may or may not accompany species formation in neontological groups, with the application of this knowledge to the primate fossil record in order to adequately identify and delimit extinct species in a variety of paleoanthropological investigations.

食道

Anagenetic Angst87 and references therein; Gingerich, 1989; Krause and Maas, 1990). The event marks the onset of the Wasatchian Land Mammal Age. Subsequently, these and other groups underwent an explosive radiation that is well preserved in Eocene deposits, especially those in intermontane basins in the Western Interior.