Titlebook: Social Movements in Egypt and Iran; Tara Povey Book 2015 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2015 bibliography.Iran.reform.rev

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Introduction,t. In Egypt as in other dictatorships that were funded and armed by Western governments, a variety of movements involving both Islamic and secular activists opposed the regime of Mubarak and its dependence on the US. In Iran, an Islamic reform movement challenged the undemocratic and exclusivist nat

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Ischemia

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The Rise of Social Movements in Egypt since the 1990s, struggle in twenty-first century Egypt. The nature and impact of contemporary imperialism, socio-economic factors and the ‘closure’ of politics had transformed the relationship between state and society and provided the backdrop for social and political unrest. In the 1990s the mainstream Islamic m

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Conclusion,mentalism. At the same time the West has supported extremely conservative regimes in countries such as Saudi Arabia, which is responsible for the rise of extremist Islam inspired by the Taliban, al-Qaida and the Jihadist Da’ish or the self-declared ISIL. The disastrous effects of this policy, which

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