Titlebook: Signals in the Soil; Developments in Inte Abdul Salam,Usman Raza Book 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Physical Layer for Wireless

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Underground Phased Arrays and Beamforming Applicationsmodel using the soil moisture as an input parameter to provide feedback mechanism while enhancing the system performance. The working of array element in the soil is analyzed. Moreover, the effect of soil texture and soil moisture on the resonant frequency and return loss is studied in detail. The w

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Signals in the Soil: Subsurface Sensing, materials, and operational feasibility aspects of soil sensors are explored. The soil sensing techniques covered in this chapter include aerial sensing, in-situ, proximal sensing, and remote sensing. The underlying mechanism used for sensing is also examined as well. The sensor selection and calib

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严厉谴责

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Autonomous Irrigation Management in Decision Agriculturesensor-guided irrigation systems are presented that includes center pivot systems and drip irrigation systems. Their sensing and actuator components are with detailed focus on real-time decision-making and integration to the cloud. This chapter also presents irrigation control systems which takes, a

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上下连贯

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Wireless Underground Channel Modelingnications are surveyed. Finally, the chapter concludes with discussion of the UG wireless statistical model and path loss model for through-the-soil wireless communications in decision agriculture. The model presented in this chapter is also validated with empirical data.