Titlebook: Sensors in Science and Technology; Functionality and Ap Ekbert Hering,Gert Schönfelder Textbook 20221st edition Springer Fachmedien Wiesbad

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Measurement Errors, Measurement Accuracy and Measurement Parameters,The measurement of physical, chemical and biological quantities by sensors is subject to deviations. The . is the difference between a measured value . and a .. This deviation represents an error. It applies.

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Time-Based Measurements,atoms of nucleide .Cs. The time has the symbol . and . . The relative measurement uncertainty is 10.. Because of this high measurement certainty, time is the decisive reference value for many measurement methods.

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Measured Quantities for Ionizing Radiation,owave oven or cosmic radiation from the depths of the universe. Radiation is thus part of our environment; it can be produced naturally or by technical devices (Fig. 13.1). In general, radiation is a form of energy that propagates in space as a . or as an

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Photoelectric Sensors,indirectly, that is, it is converted into light, for example, using a scintillator, and then detected as electromagnetic radiation. There is also proof of the ionizing effect with the aid of a Geiger-Müller counter.