Titlebook: Seawater Desalination; Conventional and Ren Giorgio Micale,Lucio Rizzuti,Andrea Cipollina Book 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009

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Solar Thermal Processes,ased on the use of solar thermal energy to evaporate water, thus separating pure water from brine. In this chapter an overview of solar thermal desalination processes is presented. The first sections introduce the use of the simplest devices, i.e. solar stills, as stand alone systems or integrated i

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Membrane Distillation for Solar Desalination,bic membrane, driven by a difference in temperature, and condenses on the opposite side. This chapter starts with a detailed explanation of the principles behind membrane distillation. The four main types of MD technology are then discussed and the technical advantages and disadvantages of each tech

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Photovoltaic Reverse Osmosis and Electrodialysis,tion of small scale Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Electrodialysis (ED) desalination processes using power supplied by Photovoltaic generation (PV). An ED/PV combination may only compete with an RO/PV combination for the desalination of unpolluted brackish water with low salinity. Energy and cost efficien

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Operating RE/Desalination Units,h as PV/RO, solar/MED, etc. The examples show that several technological combinations are well enough developed to provide potable water under harsh conditions in isolated sites. However, even established technologies face problems and limitations. Continuous R&D in combination with wide scale imple

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Protecting the Marine Environment,, polluted freshwater bodies to the marine environment. The main environmental concerns of desalination activity revolve around the emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants, the concentrate and chemical discharges into the sea, the use of large quantities of seawater for cooling purposes and

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