Titlebook: Scare Tactics; Arguments that Appea Douglas Walton Book 2000 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2000 Argumentation Theory.classification.

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The New Theory of the Underlying Structure of Fear and Threat Appeal Arguments,aking a threat, gives the basis for making a fundamental distinction between fear appeal arguments of the kind studied in chapter 1, and threat appeal arguments, of the kind associated with the traditional . fallacy. Clearly fear appeal and threat appeal arguments are closely related, and share the

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Questions of Classification,e of this general type of argumentation. Both fear appeals and threat appeals have a common structure, and the relationship between them has now been made clear. It is evident that there is a large family of related argument types in this general kind of scare tactics argumentation.

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难理解

盟军

Sputum

敏捷

, in the Logic Textbooks, implausible statements, and unanswered questions. But it does point the way towards a certain broad conception of the . as a fallacy. It also contains (haphazardly) many useful suggestions and insights. Before beginning an account of the standard treatment, some historical questions about where the . first appeared as a fallacy are clarified.

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The Speech Act of Making a Threat,vious chapters). But even once we have arrived at an abstract definition of what a threat is, as we will see, we also need guidelines that will help us to determine, in a particular case, whether a threat has really been made (uttered) or not.

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Fear Appeal Arguments,this chapter, many examples of these fear appeals are presented, along with a survey of the leading theories presented by social scientists to show how the fear appeal type of argument works to persuade a subject.

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, in Argumentation Theory,agreement among the conclusions and approaches favored by certain groupings of these articles, there are also great differences of emphasis, and conflicts of opinion. By posing the problems of analysis more sharply, however, this literature on the . takes us some way beyond the textbook formulations.