Titlebook: Safety and Security of Cyber-Physical Systems; Engineering dependab Frank J. Furrer Textbook 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Aut

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IntroductionCyber-physical systems are the foundation of our modern world and are sources of wealth, comfort, and a functioning society. They permeate all areas of work and life. Therefore, engineering cyber-physical systems has become an essential activity of our modern industrial world.

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Safety, Security, and RiskThe main properties of trustworthy cyber-physical systems are safety and security. Both safety and security are the results of careful, responsible, risk-guided engineering. The real danger of cyber-physical systems is vulnerabilities in the protection mechanisms of the assets.

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The FutureThere is no doubt that cyber-physical systems will affect life, work, business, science, and the environment more and more. Autonomy—based on artificial intelligence and machine learning—will gain importance. Cooperation between intelligent machines and humans will become commonplace.

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Principle-Based EngineeringThe essential knowledge about safety, security, and risk has been presented in the previous chapters. The questions coming up at this point are: 1) How are good safety and security defined? 2) How is good safety and security formalized? 3) How is good safety and security taught? 4) How is good safety and security enforced?

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General PrinciplesGeneral principles for safety and security apply to the whole system; i.e., they cover many quality properties of the CPSs. Therefore, they are presented in this chapter.

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Principles for RiskIn today’s highly technological world, the risk is unavoidable. Therefore, handling risks correctly is paramount in all phases of developing and operating cyber-physical systems. Risk management principles, methods, and procedures must strongly support risk handling and systematic aim at known, acceptable, and documented residual risks.

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Final WordsMuch of the cyber-physical systems’ safety and security work deals with . ([Peat02]). There is uncertainty during the creation and evolution of the CPS—and even more uncertainty during its operation. Coping with uncertainty and the . that uncertainty generates is the primary vocation of CPS engineering.

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Frank J. FurrerPresents a successful strategy for the management of vulnerabilities, threats, and failures in mission-critical cyber-physical systems.Offers deep practical insight into principle-based software devel

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