Titlebook: Rhinitis and Related Upper Respiratory Conditions; A Clinical Guide Jonathan A. Bernstein Book 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, p

Hypopnea

Rhinitis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea,rect and indirect healthcare costs, and impaired quality of life. This chapter focuses on how to appropriately diagnose chronic rhinitis patients with sleep disorders so optimal care can be provided leading to improved clinical outcomes.

Munificent

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, of symptoms and the causative agents. Empiric treatment can be initiated without allergy testing, but testing is required for definitive diagnosis and consideration of certain trigger-specific therapies such as allergen avoidance and allergen immunotherapy. There are many options for pharmacotherap

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eustachian-tube

Ringworm

同义联想法

Local Allergic Rhinitis,have been historically classified in the nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) phenotype. Nevertheless, in recent years a significant corpus of evidence has demonstrated that many chronic rhinitis patients without systemic IgE sensitization display nasal reactivity upon nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT).

存心

Occupational Rhinitis, specific work environment. Occupational rhinitis is often underestimated and underdiagnosed. However, more than 300 substances have been identified as possible agents producing occupational rhinitis. There are two types of occupational rhinitis—irritant and allergic. A thorough history, physical ex

枕垫

一再困扰

APEX

Rhinitis and Cough,rways of noxious stimuli (microbes, chemicals, and physical); however, many medical conditions, including those of the upper airways, evoke cough, which in itself may be a major symptom of the particular disease state. This chapter is structured to overview the neural and molecular mechanisms involv