| 书目名称 | Recent Developments in Chinese Urban Planning | | 副标题 | Selected Papers from | | 编辑 | Qisheng Pan,Jason Cao | | 视频video | http://file.papertrans.cn/824/823137/823137.mp4 | | 概述 | Describes planning process, challenges and solutions of unprecedented urbanization.Depicts in detail China’s urban regeneration status and future development trend.Presents recent theories and practic | | 丛书名称 | GeoJournal Library | | 图书封面 |  | | 描述 | .This book provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent development of Chinese cities. It discusses a broad range of subjects of urban planning, including environmental planning, transportation planning, historical preservation, economic development, geographic information systems (GIS) and other technological applications. China, the most populous country in the world, has experienced unprecedented urbanization in a relatively short period. .During the past decades, urbanization in China has centered on land development through industrialization and investment, but it has largely ignored the prosperity and well-being of the people. Livable cities are not just those with magnificent buildings and infrastructure; they are great places where people want to live. China’s recently inaugurated leaders have proposed a new model to actively and prudently enhance the quality of urbanization through compact, intelligent, and low-carbon development. It symbolizes the departure from land-centered urban development to a form of people-oriented urbanization, as China’s Premier, Li Keqiang, has advocated. .This new model offers a platform for planning researchers and practitioners to tac | | 出版日期 | Book 2015 | | 关键词 | Developing Country; Economic Development; Environment Planning; Land Use Planning; Participation; Urbaniz | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18470-8 | | isbn_softcover | 978-3-319-37320-1 | | isbn_ebook | 978-3-319-18470-8Series ISSN 0924-5499 Series E-ISSN 2215-0072 | | issn_series | 0924-5499 | | copyright | Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2015 |
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Front Matter |
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Abstract
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,Research of Beijing Automobile Exhaust Treatment Strategies Based on I/M System Program, |
Zhehao Jin,Qun Huang |
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Abstract
This paper discusses the current status of automobile exhaust in Beijing in order to analyze the causes of automobile exhaust pollution and improve the governance mechanisms for automobile exhaust. Based on an in-depth study of Beijing’s existing measures and the management experience of developed countries, this paper establishes a policy program of automobile exhaust management strategy. The core idea is to take I/M (Inspection and maintenance program) programs in both Beijing and abroad and combine them with technical, administrative, planning, economic and social integrated support policy. The paper aims to increase citizens’ environmental awareness, promote management of exhaust gas treatment, accelerate the pace of vehicle exhaust pollution control, and help Beijing become a world-class city.
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,Analysis About Key Indicators of High Density Blocks in the New Central District from the Perspecti |
Pin Wang,Qinglin Meng |
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Abstract
Blocks located in the new central district are characterized as high density. For a typical block in Guangzhou city measurement showed that during the summertime, heat island effect is a severe problem. Urban construction causes the formation of an urban heat island, and the statutory Regulatory Detailed Planning is the basis for both urban construction and government management. There is a certain relationship between the planning and heat island intensity. Key indicators of Regulatory Detailed Planning which affect heat island intensity were put forward. They were named Floor Area Ratio (FAR), Building Density(BD) and Greenery Ratio (GR). Related urban planning specification files of different cities were used for summarizing control requirements of the key indicators from the perspective of government management. These indicators were compared with the planning and the actual situation of new central district cases in Guangzhou city. Meanwhile, ENVI-met the numerical simulation software was employed, which accurately describes the urban micro-environment, quantifying the urban heat island effects of typical blocks. Through this quantitative process the respective contribution of
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,Study on Relationship Between Beijing Residential Building Insolation Standards, Improvement of Res |
Linfei Han,Jiahua Mu,Haofei Zhang |
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Abstract
Chinese residential building insolation standards were developed according to the geographical latitude, climatic characteristics and the size of the city, with the purpose of ensuring the health conditions of the indoor environment of residential buildings. The current standards were established in the early 1990s considering the social development situation in China, with reference to related specifications in other countries. Since the implementation of the standards, the residential environment in China has been more or less improved. However, after three decades of reform, massive changes have taken place in our social development situation, and it is necessary for us to rethink the relationship between residential building insolation standards, improvement of the residential environment, and urban ecological benefits in order to improve the urban living environment and achieve sustainable urban development..In megacities such as Beijing, large population concentrations and rapid increases in land values have caused us to pay more attention to land development intensity, ignoring the creation of a living environment. On the one hand, there are a large number of closed “negativ
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,The Methods and Approaches Green Infrastructure that will Promote China’s Urban Transformation: A C |
Shaoping Guan,Xi Zhang,Jingjun Wu |
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Abstract
Over the past 30 years, cities have been the main carrier of economic development. Extensive economic growth mode and excessive investment in land development have led to serious “urban problems”, such as overcrowding, dependence on a single industry, environmental pollution, ecological deterioration, energy crisis and a lack of cultural diversity and identity. These urban problems lead to the question “How can cities be ecologically sustainable and socially harmonious, while developing a strong economy?” This is one of the main questions for China’s cities that are in the process of high-speed urbanization. By studying America’s urban transition, this paper proposes the potential role for green infrastructure to promote China’s urban transition. Finally this paper uses the case of Dongguan National Wetland Park to study its role to promote the urban transition of Dongguan City. First, this paper will study Dongguan National Wetland Park’s necessity of existence in Dongguan, which has experienced serious conflicts between ecology, society and economic development. Then, we study the potential role of Dongguan National Wetland Park in the urban transition of Dongguan City. Finally,
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,The Symbiotic Strategies Study of Low-Carbon Eco-City Based on Multi-symbiosis Theory, |
Xia Zhu,Yangyue Zhou |
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Abstract
Under the background of new urbanization, it is imperative to transform the Chinese urban development model to a multi-symbiotic low-carbon eco-city. From the perspective of “multi-symbiosis”, the paper illustrates the symbiosis theory and low-carbon eco-city, and puts forward a new concept called a multi-symbiotic low-carbon eco-city. Then, the characteristics and connotation of a multi-symbiotic low-carbon eco-city has been discussed in detail. Eight key symbiotic interfaces of a multi-symbiotic low-carbon eco-city and corresponding symbiotic strategies are identified: intensive land strategy, compact space strategy, low-carbon industry strategy, green building strategy, green transportation strategy, green infrastructure strategy, eco-community strategy and efficient energy utilization strategy.
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,The Paradoxes of Land Resources Allocation’s Game Playing: From Zhoukou Grave Events, |
Ze Zhang,Ying Gu |
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Abstract
China’s urbanization is transforming from land-oriented development to people-oriented development, but undeniably, the optimal allocation of land resources is still a core issue for the future of China’s urbanization development. Cities are also facing many problems related to land resource allocation, some of which have become topics of much discussion. This paper first discusses the Henan Dig Graves Movement, one of the prominent topics from 2012. The core issue involves the game playing between urban construction and the protection of cultivated land resources. Next, the local government’s dilemma in the allocation of land resources is explored through the example of Zhoukou. In Zhoukou, the marginal revenue from land resources used for urban construction far outweighs the marginal revenue from land resources used for other construction. Because construction land is controlled by the central government, it is difficult to obtain sufficient external compensation for the local government. Lastly, using a case study of the Common Agriculture Policy that addresses some of these land issues, two solutions are proposed for regional development. The first solution is to prepare for th
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,Conflicts in the Urban Renewal of the Historic Preservation Area—Based on the Investigation of Nanb |
Meicheng Wang,Tian Ruan |
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Abstract
With the transformation of urbanization in China, the focus of urban development has gradually transferred from the growth of total construction land to the quality improvement of built-up land. This article investigates a community renewal case of a deprived historic block named Nanbuting, located 1.4 km away from the CBD of Nanjing. This investigation has three major findings: (1) the core value in the urban renewal of the historic preservation area, explained by the theory of land development right; (2) the differentiated subsystems of each stakeholder, which perplexed their negotiation; (3) the effect of voluntary community participation in the renewal process. By investigating the typical renewal case of the Nanbuting community, this article explains how the multi-stakeholder conflict is generated and exacerbated. This research contributes to the knowledge of balancing the needs of both the historic preservation and economic development in the urban renewal processes, intending to provide each stakeholder with suggestions for future participatory planning, and to facilitate urban renewal in a peaceful and sustainable manner.
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,Planning for Emerging Megacity Regions in China: Preliminary Research Within a Socioeconomic Framew |
Li Hao,Qian Zhu |
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Abstract
As an emerging urban form, the mega city region is quite new for planning theorists and practitioners in China. This paper attempts to track the theory of evolution from mega city to mega city regions, with an emphasis on Asian and Chinese cases. After that, the rise of mega city regions within China will be discussed in a comprehensive socioeconomic framework. In addition, the current planning and governance approaches for these regions will be critically analyzed. The implications for China’s planning policy will mark the end of the discussion in this paper.
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,Study of and Prospects on the Self-Organizing Evolution Stage of County Urbanization in Hubei, |
Lingyun Liu |
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Abstract
By using the self-organization theory, this paper is designed to study openness, non-equilibrium, fluctuation, competition, and other issues in the county urbanization evolution of Hubei since the founding of modern China considering urban development, population migration, industrial conversion and other dimensions. It divides the historical period into four phases: a suspending and atrophy period from 1949 to 1978, a compensatory increase period from 1979 to 1985, a discrepancy evolution period from 1986 to 2000, and a depth differentiation period from 2001 to present. Before the reform and opening up of China, Hubei followed a non-self-organizing urbanization model under the unique governance and guidance of the State; the practice of emphasizing urban and industrial development at the expense of the rural and agriculture development impeded the county development and accumulation. After the reform and opening up, Hubei started to adopt a diversified, interactive, self-organizing urbanization model based on the government, enterprises, and individuals. Facing the change in external conditions that “to open for invigoration – to transfer the center of gravity eastward – the loss
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,From Three-Old Reconstruction to Expansion and Promotion: The Strategic Transformation of County-Le |
Yikeng Luo |
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Abstract
It is becoming more and more important to improve the efficiency of urban development land use during new-type urbanization, particularly in Guangdong province – a typical rapid urbanization area in mainland China. Under the dual challenges, including the external transfer of industries and labor force from Pearl River Delta and the internal urbanization of rural migrant workers, county-level cities in east, west and north of Guangdong are facing the developmental transformation. However, “three-old reconstruction” (san jiu gai zao) which is limited space, complex benefits and long duration, struggles to meet the developmental demand of county-level city opportunely and effectively. Thus, this paper systematically summarizes the basic characteristics and the main challenges of urban development land use, and explicitly points out the necessity and inevitability of moving from “three-old reconstruction” to “expansion and promotion” (kuo rong ti zhi) to improve the efficiency of urban development land use. Furthermore, this paper suggests analyzing the interacting and restricting relationships of “expansion and promotion” from the perspectives of priority, subjectivity and hierarchy
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,Spatial Structure of Regional Economic Development in Henan Province, China, |
Li Hao,Qian Zhu |
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Abstract
Henan Province is a “developing” region in a developing country, China. Since the end of the twentieth century the region has been experiencing rapid economic growth; as this growth has been uneven, it challenges the regional administration system and sustainable development efforts in the long term..This paper explores the spatial structure of regional economic development in Henan Province, China during the period of 1999–2009, when Central China Rising Strategy was the most important policy for this province. A detailed statistical and spatial analysis of Henan Province is offered based on the identified geographical units of cities and counties. This study uses recent data and employs GIS based spatial analysis techniques to investigate the dynamic spatial economic structure of Henan Province within the 10-year period. By using advanced geomatic methods, this study attempts to better understand the spatial dynamics of economic growth. This quantitative discussion links with the regional planning policy, in order to identify the current planning problems and determine potential solutions. The empirical study reveals the spatial characteristics of economic development, illustrati
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,Understanding Beijing’s Urban Land Use Development from 2004–2013 Through Online Administrative Dat |
Xiao Rong,Ying Jin,Ying Long |
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Abstract
From 2004–2013 Beijing saw one of the most rapid urban expansions in its history. During this period, the resident population in the municipality grew by nearly 50 %. Urban land use also grew at a similar rate in the form of greenfield expansion and densification – although no existing sources give a clear indication of the extent of this land use growth. A significant gap between what takes place on the ground and statistical data exists. This gap hampers effective policy analysis in many areas of urban development where a rapid policy response is needed. The intent of this paper is to present findings from our recent research that examined the effectiveness and potential of using online administrative data sources published by the municipal government bureaus/commissions to better understand Beijing’s urban expansion from 2004 to 2013. We show that the timely reporting of government administrative records for urban development permissions and urban land transactions which arose from the Open Government initiative, has opened up new opportunities to monitor and analyse the emerging patterns of urban land use development. Specifically, the paper uses urban land plot transaction dat
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,A Configurational Accessibility Study of Road and Metro Network in Shanghai, China, |
Lingzhu Zhang,Alain Chiaradia,Yu Zhuang |
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Abstract
Between 1993 and 2013, the high-capacity metro network of Shanghai has expanded rapidly and played a major part in the sustainable public transportation system. In this short period, the major change in accessibility introduced by the metro system kept pace with massive increase in population and land use intensification and diversification of the urban form. Understanding the relationship between public transport networks, public transport access point accessibility, land use location as destination accessibility and urban form is becoming important for interpreting the relationship between urban land-use and the transportation system in Metropolitan areas. However, most previous empirical studies relied on qualitative descriptions using large geographic scale. Furthermore, few studies focused on the detailed analysis of public transport access point locations..The objective of this paper is to identify spatially disaggregated micro-macro relative accessibility relationships between urban block size, road and metro-line network design, metro stations and bus stop locations, commercial land use locations distribution and station usage in Shanghai. Using GIS and Spatial Design Netwo
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,Research on Interaction Between Traffic Improvement Around the Old Railway Station and Urban Land U |
Linfei Han,Jianmin Guo,Junyan Han |
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Abstract
In early times, urban business centers developed around the old railway stations where gathered a large number of people and formed a pattern of land use with a variety of complex functions. With the acceleration of Chinese urbanization, new railway stations are emerging in many places. As a result, railway stations have became the new centers under the guidance of urban planning. Areas around the old railway stations are suffering problems such as traffic jams, shortage of land, and so on. At present, we use “solving the traffic problem by itself” as a main measure to improve the surrounding areas of old railway stations but ignored the relationships between traffic improvement and urban land utilization. This paper takes Hohhot railway station as an example and analyzes the problems that the old railway stations are suffering from in development. On the basis of related experience in domestic and international transport, this paper proposes combining the complex urban spatial pattern with traffic improvement and land utilization as a solution for refreshing the urban vitality in the old railway station areas. This paper also illustrates the relationship between traffic improvemen
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,The Redevelopment Model of Multi-story Residences in the City Center, |
Hu Rui,Zhenyu Che |
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Abstract
Multi-story residences play an important role in the process of improving the living conditions of urban residents—there still remains a large scale of multi-story residences in the city center, which constitutes a significant portion of the fabric of the city. However, with the redevelopment of cities, a lot of multi-story residences in the city center began to decline, and were faced with the fate of renovation or demolition. The paper investigates three communities with different time periods and backgrounds: the “Kunming textile district” (1950s enterprise), “Shanghai Anshan Village” (1970s workers’ village), “Kunming Xingying community” (1990s real estate). These communities are analyzed by location, transportation, context, and by the theory of rent of land use, TOD model, to summarize their redevelopment patterns. Finally, three different types of redevelopment models are proposed: upgraded redevelopment, evolutionary redevelopment and revitalization redevelopment.
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,Elementary Analysis of the Impact of Large-Scale Sports Events on Space Regeneration of the Hosts: |
Ying Gu,Ze Zhang |
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Abstract
Under the background of globalization, hosting large-scale sports events is widely regarded as an effective way to accelerate the development of the host countries in regards to society, economy and culture. To a certain extent, large-scale sports events are important mechanisms to enhance the competitiveness of cities and regions. In the past few decades, large-scale sports events have been hosted worldwide and have affected the space regeneration of the hosts. Though research about the impact of large-scale sports events on space regeneration is abundant in academic circles at home and abroad, this paper focuses on a particular aspect of the impact of large-scale sports events on the evolution of elements of urban space and explores effective methods of space regeneration after large-scale sports events. This paper discusses the impact of large-scale sports events based on an analysis of the Beijing Olympic Games and the London Olympic Games. First, this paper analyzes the effects of large-scale sports events on urban spatial pattern reconstruction, and land value increment and change of land use. Second, this paper studies the impact of infrastructure construction for such event
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,Study on Planning of Healthcare Facilities in High-density Urban Residential Areas—Taking Three New |
Jing Li,Tian Chen |
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Abstract
The most common urban residence pattern in large cities in China is high-rise housing. Due to high population density, space constraints, resource deficiency, and other weaknesses of high-density urban communities, a lack of access to adequate healthcare facilities is a major threat to not only the health of urban residents, but also the city itself. Taking three new communities in Beijing as examples, this paper analyzes the distribution pattern design mode, and future development trend of healthcare facilities on the basis of residents’ age structure, lifestyle, transportation pattern, residential area development mode, current healthcare facilities distribution and demand, as well as projected future demand. Finally, it proposes several ideas and recommendations for planning healthcare facilities.
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,Jobs-Housing Balance: The Right Ratio for the Right Place, |
Qian Wu,Ming Zhang,Daniel Yang |
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Abstract
The concept of Jobs-housing balance (JHB) has attracted many city and transportation planning agencies for the interest of increasing place quality and reducing travel demand. Operationalizing JHB, however, has been a challenge. There are several critical questions in the application of JHB: what is a good ratio? How should JHB be quantified for guiding land use development? And, to what extent could jobs-housing ratio be effectively used as an intervention instrument?.This study aims to provide theoretical and empirical evidence of jobs-housing balance and examines the applicability of jobs-housing ratio for different planning purposes in local context. Based on a thorough literature review, the study removes the “deceptive simple concept” of JHB on the surface and gathers insights on JHB from existing exemplary studies. Absent a single consensus of a good jobs-housing ratio, the goal of this study is to present the possible ways of measuring and defining JHB in a complex urban development. This study analyzes existing JHB of the Austin Region, presenting the limitation of jobs-housing ratio in guiding the distribution of employments and housing. Local municipalities might conside
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,The Implication of City Form Transformation in Rongcheng Area of Jieyang City, |
Jian-wen Huang,Ying Xu |
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the form transformation of Rongcheng area of Jieyang city form the time dimension during three specific periods: the Qing Dynasty, the Republic era, and today. And form the space dimension, the paper mainly analyzing the elements of urban frame, channel network, street fabric and channel-side node which are regarded as the morphological characteristics of the city form. Through the comprehensive analysis of time and space dimensions, some reasonable implications are put forward. It is hoped that the findings will shed some light on current city planning practice.
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