Titlebook: Reactive Oxygen Species; Network Pharmacology Harald H. H. W. Schmidt,Pietro Ghezzi,Antonio Cuad Book 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2

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Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors into the Clinic at Last nitrogen or reactive nitrogen/oxygen species) stirred great hopes. Clinical applications, however, have so far pertained exclusively to the downstream signaling of cGMP enhancing drugs such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators. All clinical attempts, so far, to

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Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitors oxidase inhibitor, Allopurinol has been shown to have other beneficial effects such as a reduction in vascular reactive oxygen species and mechano-energetic uncoupling. This chapter discusses these properties and their relevance to human pathophysiology with a focus on Allopurinol as well as newer

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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: From Classic to New Clinical Approachesfor several disorders and along the last 70 years a wide variety of MAO inhibitors have been developed as successful drugs for the treatment of complex diseases, being the first drugs approved for depression in the late 1950s. The discovery of two MAO isozymes (MAO-A and B) with different substrate

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Inhibition of Myeloperoxidaseunique activity is its ability to use chloride as a cosubstrate with hydrogen peroxide to generate chlorinating oxidants such as hypochlorous acid, a potent antimicrobial agent. However, chronic MPO activation can lead to indiscriminate protein modification causing tissue damage, and has been associ

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Effects of Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitors in turn help to keep thioredoxins (TXN, Trx) and further downstream targets reduced. Due to a wide range of functions in antioxidant defense, cell proliferation, and redox signaling, strong cellular aberrations are seen upon the targeting of TrxR enzymes by inhibitors. However, such inhibition can

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Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of the Redox Siblings, Nitric Oxide (NO•) and Nitroxyl (HNO), i. ROS such as superoxide (•O.), hydrogen peroxide (H.O.), hydroxyl (OH•) and peroxynitrite (ONOO.) have a marked impact on cardiovascular function, contributing to the vascular impairment and cardiac dysfunction associated with diseases such as angina, hypertension, diabetes and heart failure. Centr

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Development of Telintra as an Inhibitor of Glutathione S-Transferase Pclinical and clinical testing of a nanomolar inhibitor of GSTP, TLK199 (Telintra; Ezatiostat) has indicated a role for the enzyme in hematopoiesis and utility for the drug in the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

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Inhibition of Myeloperoxidase differences with the other homologous human peroxidases, various rational and high-throughput screening attempts were performed in developing specific irreversible and reversible inhibitors. The most prominent candidates as well as MPO inhibitors already studied in clinical trials are introduced and discussed.