Titlebook: On Reasoning and Argument; Essays in Informal L David Hitchcock Book 2017 Springer International Publishing AG 2017 David Hitchcock.Reasoni

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Jogging

Postscriptlusive if and only if the argument has a true or otherwise acceptable covering generalization that supports counterfactual instances. Probabilification is only one type of non-conclusive support. To determine whether and how the premisses of an argument support its conclusion, it is best to make min

停止偿付

Enthymematic Argumentseir conclusion. The author of an enthymematic argument implicitly assumes the truth of a universal generalization of the argument’s associated conditional with respect to one or more content expressions which occur more than once. Unless it would be implausible, where a molecular content expression

inscribe

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Debark

Non-logical Consequenceerationalize it in substitutional, formal or model-theoretic terms as the absence of a counterexample. A minority tradition allows for grounding truth-preservation also on non-logical necessities, especially on the semantics of extra-logical constants. The present chapter reviews and updates the aut

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avulsion

开头

Postscripterence as it stands. Such substantive rules of inference cannot be underwritten by substitutional or model-theoretic conceptions of consequence. They need to be understood in terms of schemata. A schema is valid if and only if the generalization corresponding to it is true or analogously acceptable

instructive

Reasoning by Analogy: A General Theory. There are three ways in which such reasoning can be inferentially sound. First, the variables of which the assumed similarities are values may determine, tightly or loosely, the variable of which the queried property is a value. Second, we may recognize that the source cases have the queried prope