Titlebook: Old Quantum Theory and Early Quantum Mechanics; A Historical Perspec Marco Giliberti,Luisa Lovisetti Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable

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Rutherford’s Hypothesis on the Atomic Structurefully convincing, and soon, due to numerous emerging problems, these initial models were all discarded, and new research was conducted. Among the physicists who made the most important experimental discoveries concerning the atomic properties in the early twentieth century, there is E. Rutherford. I

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Bohr’s Hydrogen Atom had to be considerably smaller than the atom itself and surrounded by a distribution of negative charge. Rutherford had not delved into the specifics of electron motion, realizing that the distribution of electrons could easily lead to electromagnetic instability issues. In this chapter we will dis

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Matrix Mechanicse it impossible to understand how to describe the quantum world. In fact, he succeeded in providing an initial version of the theory of quantum mechanics. In this chapter, we will present and discuss the first paper in which Heisenberg outlined the structure of quantum mechanics, along with subseque

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