Titlebook: Ocular Oncology; Duangnate Rojanaporn Book 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 Choroidal melanoma.Choroidal hemagioma.Retinal vas

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Retinal Vascular Tumors,, and vasoproliferative tumor of the retina. A main differentiation point between these entities arises by classifying them as either congenital in origin or acquired during the lifetime. The congenital retinal vascular tumors include the retinal cavernous hemangioma and the racemose hemangioma. Fro

Coronary-Spasm

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,Astrocytic Hamartoma of the Retina, layer. The lesions are benign in nature and are thought to be congenital in origin. They are often diagnosed incidentally during routine examination and rarely cause any symptoms. They can be solitary or multifocal and often show no change in decades of follow-up. Rarely, RAH can exhibit unusual ch

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Retinoblastoma,2012a). This malignancy represents approximately 4% of all pediatric malignancies and carries a fairly high survival rate in developed nations. There has been a tremendous progress in retinoblastoma management over the past 20 years in the United States of America (USA) and abroad.

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embolus

Peripheral Exudative Haemorrhagic Chorioretinopathy,n of the peripheral retina in the elderly population. It frequently regresses spontaneously to subretinal fibrosis and/or retinal pigment epithelial atrophy. PEHCR has various synonyms, including eccentric disciform degeneration, extramacular disciform degeneration (Bardenstein et al. 1992), haemorr

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Optic Disc Melanocytoma,sometimes contiguously involves adjacent choroid and retina. Optic disc melanocytoma is believed to be a congenital and non-hereditary lesion that does not show racial predilection such as uveal melanoma. Historically melanocytoma was confused with uveal melanoma both clinically and histopathologica

Yag-Capsulotomy

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Paraneoplastic-Related Retinopathy,. Overall paraneoplastic syndrome affecting nervous and visual system occurs in 0.01% of patients, but the true incidence of paraneoplastic retinopathy remains unknown (Darnell and Posner 2009). Common malignancies associated with paraneoplastic retinopathy include lung, breast, prostate, and gyneco

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