Titlebook: Nasal Physiology and Pathophysiology of Nasal Disorders; Özlem Önerci Celebi,T. Metin Önerci Book 2023Latest edition Springer Nature Switz

LAP

Mucus, Goblet Cell, Submucosal Gland,ng clearance by mucociliary activity. Mucus also has antioxidant, antiprotease, and antimicrobial functions. The major components of mucus are glycoproteins called mucins, which are secreted by epithelial goblet cells and submucosal gland cells. Hypersecretion of mucus is a common characteristic of

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Cilia, Ciliary Movement, and Mucociliary Transport, is essential for mucociliary transport. Ciliary beating depends on the ATPase activity in the dynein arms and is characterized by a specific beating pattern. In healthy persons, 95% of the cilia are ultrastructurally completely normal. Ciliary abnormalities can be the results of external (secondary

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Functional Defense Mechanisms of the Nasal Respiratory Epithelium,inonasal epithelium has developed a range of protective functions that effectively clear foreign material with minimal collateral tissue damage. This barrier to the outside world is both physical and immunological in nature. The physical barrier consists of respiratory mucus and mucociliary flow as

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Local B-Cell and T-Cell Populations in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polathophysiologic pathways of disease. These endotypes have increasingly been characterized by the local T-cell and B-cell populations within the tissue of nasal polyps. T cells demonstrate a significant amount of plasticity, giving rise to a variety of specific T-cell subsets, including T helper 1 ce

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Mast Cells,e at high levels (MC.) can respond to substance P and C5a, whereas MCs lacking detectable chymase (MC.) can respond to platelet-activating factors. While these MC phenotypes can be maintained over weeks when cultured in the standard culture condition supplemented with SCF and IL-6, MC. lose chymase

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CHOP

The Neutrophil and Chronic Rhinosinusitis,owever, the focus in the assessment of inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis is increasingly shifting away from Th2-dominated mechanisms to a consideration of the contributions by Th1 and Th17 mechanisms as well. This has led to an increased focus of interest in the assessment of lymphocyte subpopu

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Eosinophils in Rhinologic Diseases,l Ehrlich in 1879 because of the intense staining of its granules with the acidic dye eosin [1]. Since that time the eosinophil has been the subject of extensive investigation. Its occurrence in such disparate conditions as parasitic infections, presumably for the benefit of the human host, and hype

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