Titlebook: Mechanisms in B-Cell Neoplasia 1990; Workshop 1990 at the Michael Potter,Fritz Melchers Book 1990 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Aut

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IL-6 as a Growth Factor for Human Multiple Myeloma Cells - A Short Overviewh-and differentiation factor signalling. The activation of resting B-cells, and their subsequent growth and/or differentiation, have thus been found to be regulated by multiple, alternative cytokines acting in concert to ensure a fine-tuned control of the process. Malignant B-cells, best exemplified

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Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Its Receptor (IL-6R) in Myeloma/Plasmacytomaproducing cells (Hirano . 1986). However, subsequent studies with recombinant molecules revealed that IL-6 has a wide variety of biological functions on various tissues and cells (Kishimoto 1989). As shown in Fig. 1, IL-6 acts not only on B cells but also on hematopoietic progenitors and hepatocytes

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Interleukin-6 is a Major Myeloma Cell Growth Factor In Vitro and In Vivo Especially in Patients withls that destroy the bone tissue. This disease is lethal in any case and little therapeutic progress has been achieved these last 20 years. Although myeloma cells poorly proliferate in vivo, the in vivo labelling index of the myeloma cells (LI = percentage of myeloma cells in the S-phase) constitutes

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Macrophages as an Important Source of Paracrine IL6 in Myeloma Bone Marrowm patients with aggressive clinical disease (.). Although it has been documented that myeloma cells have large numbers of IL-6 receptors and that both the bone marrow and serum of patients with active myeloma contain increased levels of IL6, the source(s) and regulation of IL6 levels are not fully u

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Retroviral-Mediated Transfer of Interleukin-6 Into Hematopoietic Cells of Mice Results in a Syndromeection or injury (Kishimoto 1989). IL-6 has prominent actions on cells of the immune system, including stimuiation of immunoglobulin synthesis by activated B-cells and differentiation of cytotoxic T-cells. In addition, it induces hematopoietic stem cells to enter cell cycle, committed myeloid progen

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In Vitro Culture of a Primary Plasmacytoma that has Retained Its Dependence on Pristane Conditioned pentadecane), induces the formation of plasmacytomas (PCT) that arise in the peritoneal inflammatory tissues evoked by these agents (Potter and MacCardle 1964). The paraffin oils and pristane are known to induce the formation of a chronic oil granulomatous (OG) tissue on peritoneal surfaces (Potter

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Modulation of Growth and Differentiation of Murine Myeloma Cells by Immunoglobulin Binding Factors(reviewed by Fridman 1987 ). A variety of soluble factors, that bind all classes of immunoglobulins in an isotype-specific manner, have been described and can augment or suppress B cell growth and differentiation in an isotype-specific fashion (Fridman 1987). Evidence has been presented that certain