Titlebook: Mammoth Cave; A Human and Natural Horton H. Hobbs III,Rickard A Olson,David C. Culve Book 2017 Springer International Publishing AG 2017 C

SAGE

Geology of Mammoth Cave,toward the deep valley of the Green River has formed and enlarged the cave over the past several million years. The rocks are 330–340 million years old, but the cave is much younger. A cap of resistant sandstone overlying the limestone has protected the main parts of the cave from surface erosion, t

碎石头

Geologic History of Mammoth Cave,d about 10 million years of the drainage history of the eastern USA. It is still actively growing today. As surface rivers vary in the shape and pattern of their valleys, the cave records these events as different levels and types of underground passages. The nature and timing of those changes are w

Abominate

儿童

Mineralogy of Mammoth Cave,ther devoid of speleothems. Calcite in the form of stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstone is the common carbonate mineral and occurs where passages extend beyond the protective caprock. Aragonite also occurs but more rarely. Gypsum is the common sulfate minerals and occurs widely in dry passages be

多骨

Mammoth Cave Meteorology,es and amphibians, the park’s most significant historic structures, thousands of organic prehistoric artifacts, and evaporite minerals such as gypsum snowballs. Sophisticated computer modeling of cave atmospheric conditions to predict the effects of alternative management actions has begun, and this

discord

Under Foot: The Paleontology of Mammoth Cave, ubiquitous kind of fossil, but several extinct animals have been identified. The Pleistocene is well-represented. The oldest radiocarbon-dated remains are a deposit from the Sangamon Interglacial Episode. In order to orient the casual reader to the paleontology of Mammoth Cave, the following backgr

circumvent

Landscape Ecology of Mammoth Cave: How Surface and Cave Ecosystems Influence Each Other,face and underground spaces interact in ways that are sometimes surprising. The roughly 645 documented kilometers (400 miles) of Mammoth Cave are part of a regional karst landscape, which is defined by subterranean drainage. From the southeast to the northwest corners of the park, there is a gradien

Collected

Terrestrial Cave Ecology of the Mammoth Cave Region,kdowns, upper-level vertical shafts, cave stream banks, and cave base-level rivers. The high diversity of cave-adapted species in the Mammoth Cave region is partly due to the variety of food inputs from the surface. Surface organic material is imported into caves passively via gravity, water, or win

Chronic

Subsurface Aquatic Ecology of Mammoth Cave,owever, it is part of a continuum of water that begins with rain falling within the Green River watershed upstream of Mammoth Cave. Locally, water drains through Mammoth Cave’s 184 km. (71 square mile) watershed and ends with the master stream for south-central Kentucky, the Green River. Rain fallin

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