Titlebook: Mammoth Cave; A Human and Natural Horton H. Hobbs III,Rickard A Olson,David C. Culve Book 2017 Springer International Publishing AG 2017 C

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William B. White,Elizabeth L. Whiteaxially symmetric equilibria suggest that modes with high . and ., including interchange modes, may be equally critical in the search for stable high pressure configurations [34]. They can be assessed via the Mercier criterion, which is concerned with modes localized about some rational surface [39]

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William B. White highlight the influence of adverse space weather conditions by presenting the Halloween Sun-Earth events and their associated effects in the terrestrial space and point out the importance of 3D physics-based MHD models in space weather forecast. Then we summarize three well-known frameworks, includ

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Kurt L. Helf,Rickard A. Olsonontribution the hypothesis that the magnetic field by the action of the Lorentz force supresses Lagrangian chaos is checked by direct numerical simulations of the MHD equations. As a measure of the level of chaos the Lyapunov exponent of a set of 128 × 128 trajectories of fluid particles is computed

collagen

Steven C. Thomas,Rickard S. Toomey IIIuid mechanics, we derive the helicity conservation law for the helicity density .. = . ⋅., where . = ∇×. is the fluid vorticity. The integral . over a volume .. moving with the fluid, is the fluid helicity. It is important in the description of the linkage of the vorticity streamlines (e.g. Moffatt

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Rickard A. Olsonrange multipliers to enforce the constraints of mass conservation; the entropy advection equation; Faraday’s equation and the so-called Lin constraint describing in part, the vorticity of the flow (i.e. Kelvin’s theorem). This leads to Hamilton’s canonical equations in terms of Clebsch potentials. T

TIGER

An Orientation to Mammoth Cave and This Volume,ecades before the cave is fully mapped. This cave is famous also for prehistoric artifacts left by Indian cavers up to 5000 years ago and for its role in American history during the War of 1812. Mammoth Cave has diverse cave-adapted wildlife, so much so that it is considered a global biodiversity ho

Distribution

The Prehistoric Archeology of Mammoth Cave,y cave environment. Beginning with the antiquarian search for mummified bodies in the early nineteenth century up to the most modern scientific research, Mammoth Cave has revealed important information about the Native Americans who lived near and explored these cave systems beginning more than 5000

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The History of Mammoth Cave,urs who ran a saltpeter mining operation in the cave and then entered the strange and risky new business of underground (literally) tourism at a time when tourism above ground was rare. It also includes the adventurous travelers who ventured into the cave by lantern light with guides who were slaves

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History of Exploration at Mammoth Cave,ing, scientific discovery, and exploration. They have been valued for economic benefits including the mining of cave minerals (calcium nitrate from which to make saltpeter for gunpowder) and speleothems as well as their commercial potential as show caves. Caves were used as places of shelter from th

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