Titlebook: Leadership in Democracy; Paul Brooker Book 2010Latest edition Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010 democrac

疯狂

热心

Electoral Pioneeringcene of innovation in electoral ., namely political parties, that may also become important political institutions. The democratic political party is an organisational tool for winning the competitive struggle for the people’s vote. As Duverger argued, its having an organisational structure is what

不能妥协

Governmental (Executive) Pioneering the governmental and legislative sectors by the . of the electoral competition for power. The electorate has entrusted them with a formal leader’s power to decide, to give a lead that others are obliged to accept and follow, which enables them to engage in a . form of entrepreneurial-style, pioneer

拍下盗公款

尾随

遗留之物

Administrative Pioneeringrivately give one another (and often politicians in the governmental or legislative sectors) a lead by selling proposals for administrative policies, government policies or legislative bills. Although administrators’ proposals are normally motivated by careerism and are merely adaptive responses, on

忘恩负义的人

Limousine

Conclusionpast. However, the past is a useful indicator of future tendencies in this area as in many other areas of politics. Part II’s assessment of the prevalence of pioneering innovation in the 1960s–90s was not very encouraging, even though the assessment was focused on the country that has the best claim

我吃花盘旋

From Economic to Political Evolutionept of economic development. Moreover, all forms of (capitalist) economic change were accommodated within the concept of evolution, whether the change was gradual or revolutionary, was an adaptive response or a spontaneous use of initiative:

Processes