Titlebook: Innovative Endocrinology of Cancer; Lev M. Berstein,Richard J. Santen Book 2008 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exc

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Adaptation to Estradiol Deprivation Causes Up-Regulation of Growth Factor Pathways and Hypersensitie molecules involved in the nongenomic signaling process have been identified. Estradiol binds to cell membrance-associated ERα which physically associates with the adaptor protein SHC and induces its phosphorylation. In turn, SHC binds Grb-2 and Sos which results in the rapid activation of MAP kina

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Progesterone Receptor Action:,e/PR and signaling cross-talk in breast cancer models and discuss the potential significance of progestin/PR action in breast cancer biology using examples from both in vitro and in vivo models, as well as limited clinical data. Kinases are emerging as key mediators of PR action. Cross-talk between

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Hormonal Heterogeneity of Endometrial Cancer,transition from normal endometrium to a malignant tumor is thought to involve a stepwise accumulation of alterations in cellular mechanisms leading to dysfunctional cell growth. This chapter reviews the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms commonly associated with development of type I and

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Selective Estrogen Modulators as an Anticancer Tool:,distinctly different from estrogen bound ER. The complex recruits protein partners called corepressors to prevent the transcription of estrogen responsive genes. In contrast, at a predominantly estrogenic site coactivators for estrogen action are recruited. Unfortunately at an antiestrogenic site su